Catatan Bahasa Inggris

• Simple Present Tense

- digunakan untuk menyatakan habitual action atau rutinitas dan fakta-fakta umum.

- rumus: 

(+) S + V1(s/es)

(-) S + Do/Does + Not + V1

(?) Do/Does + S + V1

I, You, They, We = V1(+) DO(-)

She, He, It = V1{s/es} (+) DOES(-)

Example:

- they go to campus by bus (+)

- she goes to campus by motorcycle (+)

- does she go to campus by motorcycle (?)

Exercise:

1. I (try) my best (S: SHE)

    => I don't try my best / she does not try her beast (-)

         I try my best / she tries her best (+)

         Do i try my best / does she try her best (?)

• Simple Past Tense

- digunakan untuk menyatakan kalimat yang terjadi dimasa lampau

- rumus:

(+) S + V2

(-) S + Did + Not + V1

(?) Did + S + V1 

Example:

- they went to campus by bus (+)

- she went to campus by motorcycle (+) 

- they did not go to campus by bus (-)

- she did not go to campus by motorcycle (-)

• Present/Past Continuos Tense

- digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung

- rumus:

(+) S + Be + Ving

(-) S + Be + Not + Ving

(?) Be + S + Ving

Ving = adjective, adverb, noun

Be =>                        *Present        *Past

                I                 AM               WAS

You, They, We         ARE              WERE

She, He, It                   IS                WAS

• Simple Future Tense

- digunakan untuk mengekspresikan kejadian yang belum terjadi masih direncanakan, atau kejadian dimasa yang akan datang

- rumus:

(+) S + Will + V1

(-) S + Will + Not + V1

(?) Will + S + V1

Example:

- they will go to campus by bus (+)

- she will go to campus by motorcycle (+)

• Present Perfect Tense

- digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian sudah terjadi dan hasilnya masih terasa/terlihat

- rumus:

(+) S + Has/Have + V3

(-) S + Has/Have + Not + V3

(?) Has/Have + S + V3

I, You, They, We = have

She, He, It = has

auxiliary = verb

V1             V2        V3

do/does     did        done

has/have    had       had

Example:

- they have gone to campus by bus (+)

- she has gone to campus by motorcycle (+)

- they have gone not to campus by bus (-)

- have they gone to campus by bus (?)

- she has gone not to campus by motorcycle (-)

- has she gone to campus by motorcycle (?)

- she has lunch (s.present) => she has had lunch

- i have lunch (s.present) => i have had lunch

- she has a smartphone => she has had a phone

- we have a smartphone => we have had a phone

- we do the job (s.present) / we did the job (s.past) => we have done the job

- he does the job (s.present) / he did the job (s.past) => he has done the job